Pike boob os shuttek



F. L. SAINO.

FIRE DOOR 0R SHUTTER,

APPLlcATmNl FILED ocr. s. |915.

` .l ql 95,505. Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

l z SHEETS-SHEET 1.

F. L. smoI` FiRE DOOR 0R SHUTTER.

lWPHCATIQN FILED OCT-6.19.15.

Patented A110: 22, 1916.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

im ,www1-ums no., wom uwe. Mumfram a n FELIX LAWARNCE SAINO, GFIVIEMPHIS, TENNESSEE.

FIRE `DOQR OR SHUTTER.

Application filed Getober 6, 1915.

To all cli/tom t fin/cy concern:

Be it known that l, FELIX L. SAINO, a citizen of the United States,residing at Memphis, in the county of Shelby and State of riennessee,have invented certain new and useful improvements in Fire Doors orShutters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements infire-doors and shutters, `and particularly those made with front andrear metallic sheets and an interposed sheet of refractory material,such for instance as disclosed in the prior patent No. 982,303, issuedto myself and others on J anuary 2-1, 1911. l

One of the leading object-s of the present invention is to provide aconstruction whereby increased expansion and flexibility of thecomponents of the door are provided without in any manner detractingfrom the fireresisting properties of the door, and to reduce to aminimum the number of parts entering into the door construction.

lVith the above and other objects in view, the present inventionconsists of the parts, and the constructions, arrangements andcombinations of parts which l will hereinafter describe and claim.

ln the accompanying drawings forming part of this specification and inwhich similar reference characters indicate like parts in the severalviews ,-Figure 1 is a front clef-lation of a lire-door or shutterembodying the salient features of my invention and showing a portion ofthe door broken away.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged rear view of a side portion of the door. Fig. 3 isa vertical section on the line KMX of Fig. 2. Fig. 1 is an enlargedhorizontal section on the line Y-Y of Fig. Fig. 5 is an enlargedcross-section on the line VV-W of Fig. 2.

, ln the sait drawings, as in the beforementioned patented construction,the door or shutter comprises fundamentally a front, u, of sheet-metaland a back, 7), of similar material, preferably corrugated and formed ofsections of suitable width according to Jdie size of the door orshutter. The corrugations of the front extend vertically 'while those ofthe rear sheet extend horizontally or crosswise of the first mentionedcorrugations and which latter corrugations, namely, those verticallydisposed are open Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 22, 1916.

Serial No. 54,387.

at the bottom to allow for the free entrance of air from the rear orcooler side of the door in much the same manner as disclosed in theaforesaid prior patented construction, it being understood that when ahigh temperature is maintained outside of the front sheet, heating saidsheet, say to a red color, the air in the channels formed by thecorrugations becomes heated by intimate contact with the walls thereofand, since the air in the room to be protected is at a much lowertemperature than that of the interior of the door, a flue action ordraft will be caused by the continuous displacement of the lighter'heated air by the cooler. This fresh supply of cooler air, by absorbingthe heat from the front sheet during its ascent, allows an increase inthe duration and temperature of the exposure to vwhich the door n'lay besubjected without melting the metal.

As in the prior patented construction, I place between the front andrear sections of the door, a sheet, c, of suitable non-heat-conductingmaterial, say, asbestos, or the like, one surface of which forms thewalls of the flues formed by the vertical corrugations before mentioned.

llVhen corrugated metal, horizontally disposed, is used in theconstruction of the sectional rear sheet, a series of dead-air pocketsor channels are formed between the corrugations of said sections and thesheet of refractory material, o, thus reducing to a minimum theradiation of heat through the door. IThis also provides a transversestiffness throughout the rear surface of the door.

rThe rear of the door is further reinforced and stiffened by one or moretransverse beams which may be formed in any suitable manner, as bybending the adjacent edges of the sections into substantially L- shape.In other words, one section, Z2, has its edge first bent outwardly atright-angles to the rear surface of the door and thence is bent in aplane substantially parallel to said face and has its terminal edge bentback upon the last-named bent portion to form a groove or channel, d;the contiguous edge of the adjacent 4section is first bent atright-angles to conform substantially to the corresponding bent portionof the described companion section and has its terminal portion or outeredge adapted as a tongue, e, to enter the channel or groove, CZ, formedthe influence of heat to which the door mayV be exposed.

1n practiee,`the depth of the groove, (Z, is about one-fourth (l) of aninch greater than the length of the tongue c, or about equal to thelength of the portion of the slot, 111, which is below the head of thebolt, 1.3. This provides space for ample eXpansion of the joint formed.

rlhe top edge of the uppermost rear section, of the door is bent atright-angles toward and over the front, a, of the door and over theintermediate sheet, c, of refractory material, while the lower edge ofthe bottom rear section, is folded to form a groove or channel, f, inwhich is slidably fitted the upper bent edge or tongue of a plate, g,whose lower portion is bent into substantially rectangular form to forma part of a hollow section, 7L, or lower rail of the door, the terminallower edge of this section being bent back upon itself to form a grooveor channel, Z, in which is slidably fitted the corresponding tongue, m,formed by bending back upon itself the rear edge of a plate, n, whichforms the bottom of the hollow lower rail of the door, said plate, n,being slitted at the ends and again bent under the lower end of thefront section of the door and thence extending up back of the frontsection of the door and over the plate, Q, for a considerable distanceand being riveted or otherwise secured to the latter, the rivets passingthus through the fro-nt and rear sections of the door and firmlysecuring these parts together.

The top rail of the door is formed by a plate, 0, whose upper front edgeis folded rearwardly to form a groove, 77, into which slidably fits theforwardly extending` bent edge of the uppermost rear section, ZJ, of thedoor, the said plate, @being slitted at the ends and bent intosubstantially rectangular shape to form a hollow rail of properdimensions at the upper end of the door; the rear or lower edge of thisbent plate, 0, being bolted, riveted or otherwise secured to Ythe frontand rear sections of the door, as

shown at 1', thereby securing thisupper hollow section or rail rigidlyto the'other components of the door while allowing for eX- pansivemovement in the joints formed by.V

the overlaps when the door is subjected to high temperatures.

The stiles of the doorare formed by eX- tending the side edges of thefront sheets,

i,is5,505

u, over the side edges of the door and bending back the free edges ofthese sheets to form grooves, s, the said front sheets thus formingabinding` along and over the side edges of the door.

On the rear side of the door and extending vertically and continuouslyfrom top to bottom are theplates, t, of suitable width and each of whichis bent so that one portion extends over a side edge of the door, thisbent portion having its marginal edge folded to form a tongue, u, whichslidably interlocks with the groove, c, formed by folding the outer edgeAof that portion ofV the said front sheet, (L, which is bent over theside edge of the door to forni the continuous interlocking side edgebinding there- -for, as before explained, and wherein eX- pansion istaken care of by the interlock of the parts, andthe slats, 25, in thefront wall, a. Y

At the rear corner portions, the bent plates, grand 0, which form thetop and bottom rails of the door are slotted, as at fw, and the upperand lower ends Vof the vertical plates, t, pass through these slottedportions and int-o the rails, thereby'housing the ends of the verticalplates and making an attractive finish therefor.

In slitting the rear portions of the plates, and o, which form the topandY bottom rails of the door, to admitV the upper and lower ends of theVertical plates, t, suitable tongues, 10 and 11, are formed, one ofwhich, 10, is bent over the upper ends of the sides of t-he door and theother, 11, is bent vertically over the side edge for a suitable dis-Vtance and is then secured by a` rivet, bolt or other suitable fastening,12. The'outer or free end of the tongue, 10, is bent back over thetongue, 11,.as shown. Y

The intermediate portions of the vertical plates, t, are secured to thetransverse reinforcing bars formed by bendingV and interlocking theedges of the adjacent rear sheets,

), of the door, by bolts or equivalent fastenings, 13, passing throughslots, 14, in said vertical plates and engaging said reinforcing bars,and which construction Vpermits expansion of the Vconnected parts whenthe door is subjected to fire conditions.

As in the prior patented construction,

suitable bolts or equivalent fastenings,1-,VV

extend through the front and rear faces of the door and through theintermediate sheet of refractory material and VserveV to unirte theseparts normally Vin rigid condition. In this connection l.V prefer thatVtheV bolts, 1G, which are the'only Vinea-ns which penetrate and unitethe central portions the front and rear faces ofthe door, shallbe formedwith fusible heads, 17, which Ywnile normally holding the front andbackof the door idly together or with the front face under re- Istraint,will melt when subjected to a prede isc Y termined temperature and thusrender the front plate, or plates, unrestrained transversely relativelyto the back plates and to allow the now unrestrained front plate tobulge outwardly, as more fully disclosed in my prior application filedSeptember 21, lille, Serial `Number 862,722. i

ln order to stillen the stiles of the door I place within each of thesame a continuous fiat bar, 20, whose width will depend upon the sizeand thickness of the door or shutter with which it is employed asstillening frame.

inother continuous rieid Vertical bar, 2l, ids along each side ol thedoor just 'front plate, va, and materially y'ontcorners of the door. Be-

tween these vertical l ars, 20, 2l, and the bacl or the front sheet, o,of the door is placed a sheet, of paper or other destructible material,the said bars and destructible being normally rigidly united by bolts,or equivalent tastenings and the said sieets being capable ofdestruction under high temperature. to thereby render the `iront sheetmore or less unrestrained when the door is subjected to lire conditionswhen increased flexibility to allow for more iii-ee expansion of thedoor is desired. This result is further pro-vided for by placingitusible washers, 2i, under the heads ot the bolts, 23, which secure thefront sheet, a, to the vertical bars, 21, said bolts or certain of thempassing through slots, 25, in the front of the door to allow forrelative -vertical ei:- pansion between the bars and trent of the door.

In order to hold the door when shut iirinly against the wall, l employ ahookbolt, 2li, secured by nuts, 27, and passing through the front andback plates, a-, of the door, the intermediate sheet, c, of refractorymaterial and the Vertical stiil'lening bar, 2]., the hoolvpoiuion olEthis bolt extending` transversely of and being spaced from the rear taceoit' the door and lying between the saine and the inner surface of thevertical side plate and adapted to engage a suitable hanger, 2S, securedin the wall of the building, said vertical plate, t, being recessed at2S), to allow the same to pass over or receive the hanger,

lt is also noted that the bolts, 17, with fusible heads are the onlyfastenings which penetrate the door and normally hold the front and backsheets thereof in restraint. lVlien the fire which strikes the outsideor iront of the door reaches a certain temperature, the heads of thebolts fuse and thereby release the bolts which in turn allow the frontplate, (t, to become unrestrained and to bulge outwardly as beforedescribed.

The door or shutter may be mounted in any well known manner, and theconstruction ol the parts is such that while they are normally rigid,when nre hits the door,` the paper sheets, the fusible washers, and the'fusible heads o the bolts will i'ender the door more or lessunrestrained, thus permitting it to expand in all directions but withoutdanger of separation or destruction of any of its leading components.

Having thus described my invention what l claim as new and desire tesecure by lietters `Patent is l. l lire-door or shutter harina' and rearwalls ci? sheet metal. and an ii mediate sheet ol" refractory material,rear wall composed el? sections whose ed cent edges are normally spaced:mart

slidable one relatively to the ol cdgis being bent an angle to the thedoo t reinforcing giider on the rear oi? the 2. A lire-door or shutterharing fr@ rear walls ot sheet metal and an interinf.\, diate sheet ofrefractory material, said rear wall composed of sections haring adjacenthorizontal edges normally spaced apart and slidable one relatively tothe other.` said edges being bent substantially riglit-angies to theplane of the rear lace oi' the door to forni a reinforcing rder ontransverse the rear of the door, said edges oit the seetions beingslidably interlocled to provide for relative expansion of the sections.

3. fire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal andan intermediate sheet ot refractory material, said rear wall composed ofsections having adjacent liorizontfil edges bent substantially atrightangles to the plane of the rear face oi the door to form atransverse reinforcing girder of angular crossssection on the rear ofthe door, said edges of the sections being normally spa et apart andslidable one relatively to the other and boing slidably inter loclted toprovide for relative expansion or" the sections.

4i- A iiieloor or sluit 3er haylng lront and rear walls ot' sheet nie1l. and en inter-ine diate sheet ot rei'ractory material, said wallcomposed ot sections haring adieu-ent horizontal edges bentsubstantially at itaiiges to the plane of the rear ilaee f door to fornia transverse reiniorc girder on the rear of the door, said cd beingnormally spaced apart and slidalile one relatiif'ely to the other, saidedges or the sections being slidably interlock d ti provide for relativeexpansion ot the settions, a nlate extendinfv cerf the uen-cr rearportion oit the door and seein uppermost of the rear notions th et andbent to forni a hollow top rail, said plate portions secured to saidgirders, said girdcrs and plates having registering openings7 andfastenings engaging said openings.

5. A lire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal andan intermediate sheet of refractory material, said rear wall composed ofsections having adjacent horizontal edges bent substantially atrightangles tothe plane of the rear face of the door to form atransverse reinforcing girder on the rear of the door, said edges of thesections being slidably inter-locked to provide for relative expansionof the sections7 a plate extending across the upper rear portion of thedoor and secured to the uppermost of the rear sections thereof and bentto form a hollow top vrail7 said plate and the upper edge of the upperrear section having their outer edges slidably interlocked, platesextending along the sides of the rear of the door and over thereinforcing girders, and means for securing the plates to the girdersand allowing expansion of one part thereof relatively to the other part,said means comprising slots formed in one part and fastenings passingthrough said slots and into the other part.

6. A lire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal andan intern'iediate sheet of refractory material7 said rear wall composedof sections having adjacent horizontal edges bent substantially atrightangles to the plane of the rear face of the' door to form a t`ansverse reinforcing girder on the rear of the door, said edges of thesections being slidably interloclied to provide for relative expansionof the sections, a plate extending across the upper rear portion of thedoor and secured to the uppermost of the rear sections thereof and bentto form a hollow top rail, said plateV and the upper edge of the upperrear seetion having their outer edges slidably interlocked, and platesextending along the sides of the rear of the door and over saidreinforcing girders and having intermediate portions secured to saidgirders7 said plates being of angular form in cross-sectiouto provideportions which extend over the side edges of the door, and said frontwall being extended over the side edges of the door, and overlapping thecorresponding portions of the plates to form edge bindings for the doenthe overlapping portions of the plates and the extended front wall ofthe door forming hollow stiles and having their edges folded to form aslidable interlock therebetween.

7. A fire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal andan intermediate sheet of refractory material, and means forming hollowtop and bottom rails for said door, vertical plates extending along thesides of the rear wall and of angular form in cross Section to provideportions which extend over the side edges of the door, said front wallbeing extended over the side stiles beneath the overlapping portions ofVthe front wall and vertical plates.

S. A lire-door or shutter having front and rear wallsof sheet metal andanintermediate sheet of refractory material, and means forming hollowtop and bottom rails for said door, vertical plates extending alongVthey sides of the rear wall and of angular form in cross section toprovide portions Ywhich extend over the side edges of the door, said*-kfront i all being extended over the sideredges of the door-andoverlapping the correspondin@ portions of the vertical plates to form .i

therewith edge bindings for the door, the plates and the extendedportions of the front wall of the door forming hollow stilestherebetween, and continuous rigid bars extending through the hollowstiles beneath the overlapping portions of the front wall and verticalplates, the topand bottom rails of. the door being slotted on the rearside and the ends of the vertical plates being extended into said slots.Y

9. A lire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metal,and an intermediate sheet of refractory material, sai'd rear wall beingcomposed'of sections the adjacent edges of which are slidablyinterlocked, plates extending across the top and bottom of the rear walland having one portion secured to thesections ofthe rear wall and havinganother portion bent to form rearwardly Vextending hollow top and bottomrails, said plates being slitted at the ends,

vertical plates extending along the rear side .1.

edges of the door and made angular in cross section to provide portionswhich extend over the side edges Vof the'door, the front wall of thedoor being extended over the side edges and overlapping thecorresponding portions of the plates to form edgebindings for the doorand the overlapping portions of the plates/and the extended front wallof the door forming hollow stiles having their edges folded to form aVslidable interlock therebetween, the upper and lower ends of saidvertical plates being extended into the slitted portions of the'top andbottomrails1 and said rails having tongues which arebent transverselyacross the side edges of' the door and having other tonguesbentvertically over the side edges, and the first-named tongues havingportions which are bent back over the second-named tongues, andmeans`for securing the Second-named tongues to the overlapping portions ofthe vertical bars and the extended front Wall of the door.

l0. A fire-door or shutter having front and rear walls of sheet metaland an intermediate sheet of refractory material, said rear wallcomposed of sections Whose adjacent edges are slidably interlocled andsaid front wall being extended over the side edges of the door andhaving folded edges, vertical plates at the rear edges of the door having portions extending over the edges of said door and folded to overlapand slidably interloek with the folded edges of the extended front, saiddoor having slotted top and loottoin rails in which the upper and lowerends of the vertical plates are extended, and said rails being formed ofbent plates secured to the rear sections of the door and having oppositeedges slidably interlocked with contiguous edges of the rear sections.

ll. A fire-door or shutter having front and rear Walls of sheet metaland an intermediate sheet of refractory material; means forming hollowstiles and top and bottom rails for the door; vertical plates extendingbeneath the front Wall of the door along the side edges thereof; a sheetof destruotible material between said plates and the inner surface ofthe front Wall of the door; and securing devices normally rigidlyuniting the front and read Walls of the door to said plates; said sheetadapted to be destroyed under the influence of high temperatures to giveflexibility to the front Wall of the door.

ln testimony whereof l aflix my signature.

FELX LAVARNCE SAINO.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents, Washington, I). C.

